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Living Pictures, Missing Persons: Mannequins, Museums, and Modernity
Mark B. Sandberg
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In the late nineteenth century, Scandinavian urban dwellers developed a passion for a new, utterly modern sort of visual spectacle: objects and effigies brought to life in astonishingly detailed, realistic scenes. The period 1880-1910 was the popular high point of mannequin display in Europe. Living Pictures, Missing Persons explores this phenomenon as it unfolded with the rise of wax museums and folk museums in the largest cities of Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. Mark Sandberg asks: Why did modernity generate a cultural fascination with the idea of effigy? He shows that the idea of effigy is also a portal to understanding other aspects of visual entertainment in that period, including the widespread interest in illusionistic scenes and tableaux, in the “portability” of sights, spaces, and entire milieus. Sandberg investigates this transformation of visual culture outside the usual test cases of the largest European metropolises. He argues that Scandinavian spectators desired an unusual degree of authenticity — a cultural preference for naturalism that made its way beyond theater to popular forms of museum display. The Scandinavian wax museums and folk-ethnographic displays of the era helped pre-cinematic spectators work out the social implications of both voyeuristic and immersive display techniques. This careful study thus anticipates some of the central paradoxes of twentieth-century visual culture — but in a time when the mannequin and the physical relic reigned supreme, and in a place where the contrast between tradition and modernity was a high-stakes game.
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Cover Page
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Title Page
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Copyright Page
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Contents
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List of Illustrations
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Acknowledgments
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Chapter One: The Idea of Effigy
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Chapter Two: Upstairs, Downstairs at the Wax Museum
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A Scandinavian Panoptikon
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Ape in the Human
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Chapter Three: The Wax Effigy as Recording Technology
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Annihilation of Space and Time
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Effigy as Index
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Persuasive Relics
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Chapter Four: Figure and Tableau
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Showing Stories
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The Living Tableau
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Toeing the Line
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Entrapment Scenarios
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Chapter Five: Panoptikon, Metropolis, and the Urban Uncanny
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Small Big Cities
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Urbanity and Orientalism
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The City in the Mirror
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Chapter Six: Vanishing Culture
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Cultural Juxtaposition
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Tableaux for Tourists
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Cradle or Gravel
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Chapter Seven: Dead Bones Rise
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Homeless Objects
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Props
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Chapter Eight: Insiders
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Cohabitation
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Traces
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Home, Again
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Chapter Nine: Farmers and Flâneurs
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Cultural-Historical Intoxication
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Goldi-Locks
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Rubes and Gypsies
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Greater Skansen
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Chapter Ten: Material Mobility
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Notes
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Works Cited
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Catalogues and Programs
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Newspaper and Periodical Commentary
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Other Sources
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Index
Citable Link
Published: 2003
Publisher: Princeton University Press
- 9780691238272 (ebook)